這裡的ADL僅是狹義 basic ADL, 未涵蓋 IADL。IADL容後再論述。
Barthel index (BI) 巴氏量表 以及 Functional Independence Measure (FIM) 最常被研究與臨床人員使用
BI 為國內聘任看護等社會福利之判斷標準，故在台灣之運用功能【強大】
FIM 使用必須收費，故宜小心考量!
然而二工具常被誤用，因為二工具皆評估 actual performance (日常生活中之真實表現), 也就是你只要天性依賴/交給看護，除了大小便失禁項目其餘都可以拿零分!! 但如果家屬說謊，醫療人員，短時間，也不易查證。
actual performance 之外，有些 ADL 評估工具評估 perceive difficulty and/or ability (標準化情境之下的執行能力 )。後者也不適合當成 聘任看護之判斷標準，因為個案只要裝死，就能0分（大小便失禁，只要敢，也可以裝）。
簡言之，ADL不易評估，誤差不小！！
ADL 亦有CAT與短版
參考文獻（國人發表之文獻為主）
BI vs FIM
Hsueh IP, Lin JH, Jeng JS, Hsieh CL. Comparison of the psychometric characteristics of the Functional Independence Measure, 5 item Barthel index, and 10 item Barthel index in patients with stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;73:188-190.
BI:
Yang YJ, Tsai LS, Wu YH, Hsieh YW, Hsieh CL, Howe TH. The competence of fieldwork students in administering the Barthel Index. Hong Kong J Occup Ther. 2008;18:28-33.
Hsieh YW, Wang CH, Wu SC, Chen PC, Sheu CF, Hsieh CL. Establishing the minimal clinically important difference of the Barthel Index in stroke patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2007;21:233-238.
Hsueh IP, Lee MM, Hsieh CL. Psychometric characteristics of the Barthel activities of daily living index in stroke patients. J Formos Med Assoc. 2001;100:526-532.
ADL CAT
Lee YC, Yu WH, Lin YF, Hsueh IP, Wu HC, Hsieh CL. Reliability and responsiveness of the activities of daily living computerized adaptive testing system in patients with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95:2055-2063.
Hsueh IP, Chen JH, Wang CH, Hou WH, Hsieh CL. Development of a computerized adaptive test for assessing activities of daily living in outpatients with stroke. Phys Ther. 2013;93:681-693.
評估 perceive difficulty and/or ability:
Lee YC, Chen SS, Koh CL, Hsueh IP, Yao KP, Hsieh CL. Development of two Barthel Index-based Supplementary Scales for patients with stroke. PLoS One. 2014;9:e110494.
Hsieh CL, Hoffmann T, Gustafsson L, Lee YC. The diverse constructs use of activities of daily living measures in stroke randomized controlled trials in the years 2005-2009. J Rehabil Med. 2012;44:720-726.
BI 為國內聘任看護等社會福利之判斷標準，故在台灣之運用功能【強大】
FIM 使用必須收費，故宜小心考量!
然而二工具常被誤用，因為二工具皆評估 actual performance (日常生活中之真實表現), 也就是你只要天性依賴/交給看護，除了大小便失禁項目其餘都可以拿零分!! 但如果家屬說謊，醫療人員，短時間，也不易查證。
actual performance 之外，有些 ADL 評估工具評估 perceive difficulty and/or ability (標準化情境之下的執行能力 )。後者也不適合當成 聘任看護之判斷標準，因為個案只要裝死，就能0分（大小便失禁，只要敢，也可以裝）。
簡言之，ADL不易評估，誤差不小！！
ADL 亦有CAT與短版
參考文獻（國人發表之文獻為主）
BI vs FIM
Hsueh IP, Lin JH, Jeng JS, Hsieh CL. Comparison of the psychometric characteristics of the Functional Independence Measure, 5 item Barthel index, and 10 item Barthel index in patients with stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;73:188-190.
Yang YJ, Tsai LS, Wu YH, Hsieh YW, Hsieh CL, Howe TH. The competence of fieldwork students in administering the Barthel Index. Hong Kong J Occup Ther. 2008;18:28-33.
Hsieh YW, Wang CH, Wu SC, Chen PC, Sheu CF, Hsieh CL. Establishing the minimal clinically important difference of the Barthel Index in stroke patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2007;21:233-238.
Hsueh IP, Lee MM, Hsieh CL. Psychometric characteristics of the Barthel activities of daily living index in stroke patients. J Formos Med Assoc. 2001;100:526-532.
ADL CAT
Lee YC, Yu WH, Lin YF, Hsueh IP, Wu HC, Hsieh CL. Reliability and responsiveness of the activities of daily living computerized adaptive testing system in patients with stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95:2055-2063.
Hsueh IP, Chen JH, Wang CH, Hou WH, Hsieh CL. Development of a computerized adaptive test for assessing activities of daily living in outpatients with stroke. Phys Ther. 2013;93:681-693.
評估 perceive difficulty and/or ability:
Lee YC, Chen SS, Koh CL, Hsueh IP, Yao KP, Hsieh CL. Development of two Barthel Index-based Supplementary Scales for patients with stroke. PLoS One. 2014;9:e110494.
Hsieh CL, Hoffmann T, Gustafsson L, Lee YC. The diverse constructs use of activities of daily living measures in stroke randomized controlled trials in the years 2005-2009. J Rehabil Med. 2012;44:720-726.
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